Theorem 9.2. Assuming that:

  • K a local field with charK=0, chark=p>0

  • F a formal group over OK

  • e=v(p)

  • r>ep1

Then
log:F(πrOK) 𝔾^a(πrOK)

is an isomorphism of groups with inverse

exp:𝔾^a(πrOK) F(πrOK).