Definition
(
L
(
E
,
s
)
)
.
Define
L
(
E
,
s
)
=
∏
p
L
p
(
E
,
s
)
where
L
p
(
E
,
s
)
=
{
(
1
−
a
p
p
−
s
+
p
1
−
2
s
)
−
1
if
good reduction
(
1
−
p
−
s
)
−
1
if split multiplicative reduction
(
1
+
p
−
s
)
−
1
if nonsplit multiplicative reduction
1
if additive reduction
where
Ẽ
#
Ẽ
(
𝔽
p
)
=
1
+
p
−
a
p
.