Definition (von Mangoldt function). The von Mangoldt function Λ: is

Λ(n)={logpif n=pk for some prime p0otherwise

Then log=1Λ since

logn= log p|npαp(n)=p|nαp(n) log p=1Λ(n).

Since μ is the inverse of 1, we have

logμ=1Λμ=Λ1μ=ΛI=Λ.